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SE POLAND SHTETL LINKS: Bilgoraj | Chelm | Czemierniki | Dubienka | Grabowiec | Hrubieszow | Krasnik | Krasnystaw | Krylow Laszczow | Lublin | Opatow | Parczew | Piaski | Radzyn | Rejowiec | Sawin | Swierze | Szczebrzeszyn | Tomaszow | Tyszowce | Zolkiewka ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Zamosc is located 30 kilometers northwest of Hrubieszów and 90 km. south and east of Lublin. Jews in the city date back to at least the late 16th century. Sephardic Jews settled in the city initially and were later joined by Ashkenazi Jews in the 17th century. By 1765 the Jewish population was 1765. The Jewish population in 1921 was 9,383. In 1939, the population was 24,000 with 12,000 Jews. Jews contributed to 80 percent of the local trade, 65 percent of crafts and 54 percent of industry in the city. The first wooden synagogue was built in Zamość between 1590 and 1603 at 9 Zamenhofa Street. The synagogue was restored in 2011. The local community is planning to make it into a museum. The new synagogue was constructed at 32 Gminna Street in 1872. Between 1909 and 1913 it was expanded. Destroyed in WWII, it was reconstructed in 1948 and was used as a pre-school. But the current building of the former small synagogue is used by the Pentecostal Church in Zamość. After a few days of heavy bombardment, which especially damaged the Jewish quarter, the German Army entered Zamość on Sept. 14, 1939. Immediately after capturing the city, Nazis organized a series of pogroms, motivated by the desire to loot Jewish property. On Sept. 26, 1939, the Soviet army entered the city, but handed the city back to the Germans two weeks later, in accordance with the new Soviet-German demarcation line. About 5,000 Jews left the city at the time that the Soviet Army withdrew. The remaining Jewish population suffered brutality and persecutions. Heinrich Himmler decided that the area around Zamość would be the first large area of German settlement in Poland. The Germans hoped that within ten years about 3 million Germans would settle in the territory administrated exclusively by the Nazi S.S. In October 1939, the Nazis selected a Judenrat and forced it to pay a "contribution" of 100,000 zlotys ($20,000) and the daily delivery of 250 Jews for hard labor. In December 1939 several hundred Jews expelled from Lodz, Kalo, and Wloclawek in western Poland were settled in Zamosc. Early in the spring of 1941 an open ghetto was established around Hrubieszowska Street, and the first deportation from the city took place on April 11, 1942 (on the eve of Passover). The entire Jewish population was ordered to gather in the city's market, whereupon gunfire was directed at the crowd killing hundreds on the spot. About 3,000 Jews were forced to board waiting trains which took them to the Belzec Death Camp. From May 1-3, 1942, about 2,100 Jews from Dortmund, Germany and from Czechoslovakia were taken to Zamość. Almost all of them were deported to Belzec on May 27 and murdered. The third mass deportation started on Oct. 16, 1942. All Jews were again ordered to gather in the city's market, and afterward were driven to Izbica, 25 km. from Zamość. Many were shot on the way, and the rest -- after a short stay in Izbica -- were deported to Belzec and murdered. In this deportation the Jews offered passive resistance and hundreds went into hiding in prepared shelters. The Nazis brought in Polish firemen to open the shelters by destroying the walls and removing other obstacles. Several hundred Jews were discovered in hiding and imprisoned for eight days in the city's cinema hall without food or water; subsequently, all those who were still alive were brought to the Jewish cemetery and executed. A few hundred Jews were able to escape to the surrounding forests. Most of them crossed the Bug River, made contact with Soviet guerrillas in the Polesie forest, and joined various local partisan groups. After the war, some 300 Jews settled in Zamość (270 from the Soviet Union, and 30 survivors of the Holocaust in Zamość), but after a short stay they left Poland. There are two Jewish cemeteries in Zamość. The original cemetery was set up at the end of the 17th century and located at Partyzantow Street. The last burial took place in 1941. During the Holocaust, the Nazis completely destroyed it. The "Province Culture House" was constructed on top of the desecrated remains of Jewish ancestors. A second Jewish cemetery was established in 1907, but was subsequently destroyed in the Holocaust. Fragments of numerous tombstones remain, dating only as far back as 1934. In 1950, Zamość Holocaust survivors erected a monument and a lapidary made of tombstones and parts left from the Jewish cemeteries of the city. On the monument is a plaque with the inscription "Thou shall not kill". In 1991, a metal fence was constructed around the former cemetery. Please donate to the Jewish Records Index - Poland translation of Zamosc records. Without your support, we can't appropriately memorialize our families. Please review the site content below. Zachor - We Remember. [In Hebrew] [Surnames] [Books] [Wikipedia - Zamość] [Economic Life in Zamosc] [Notable Residents] [Great Synagogue] [Sephardim in Zamość] [Sephardim in Poland] [Ghetto Account] [Zamosc Judenrat List] [Holocaust] [List of Holocaust Victims from Zamosc] [List of Pre-War Zamosc Immigrations to America] [Family Research in Southeast Poland] [Israeli Organization of Zamość Jewry] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Old Zamosc Organizations: Zamoscher Society, New York First Zamoscher Congregation Bikur Cholim, Flushing, NY Zamosc Progressive Society, New York Zamoscher Progressive Young Men 375 Workman's Circle, Elmont, New York Zamoscher Beneficial Association, Progressive Young Men of Philadelphia Friends of Zamosc, Philadelphia Zamostcher Relief Committee Montreal Zamoscher Society, Canada Zamoscher Yiskor Book Committee, Argentina Zamoscher Yisker Book Committee, Argentina Zamostcher Relief Committee - Argentina ------------------------------------------------------------------------  Click to subscribe to Zamosc   Two families from Zamosc: left, Weinryb family; right, Mendelsohn family.   Inside of the old Jewish synagogue in Zamosc.  Line up of Zamosc Jews.  Jews in the Zamosc ghetto.   The famous Zamosc city market / square.  Map of the central city of Zamosc. The Great Synagogue built in the 1600s was located at 9 Zamenhofa St., which is now a library. The mikvah was at 5 Zamenhofa St., which is presently a night club or jazz club.   Map of the Zamosc metro area. Partyzantow Street, where the original cemetery was located, is now a cultural center. Prosta Street is where the new cemetery was founded in 1906 and where graves remain and a Holocaust memorial was constructed. Droga Meczennikow is a rotunda where the museum of martyrology is housed. This was a site of mass executions of Zamosc Jews during the Holocaust. At 32 Gminna Street (or nearby at Mikalaya Reja) there was a synagogue constructed in 1872 that was destroyed in 1939. It is now a nursery school. Join the Zamosc group on Facebook! City of Zamość: Holocaust Testimony - Fiszelzon Holocaust Testimony + photos - Mieczyslaw Weinryb Once Their Was Our Home: Film about Zamosc by Ewa Szprynger Revitalization of the Zamosc Synagogue Society for the Preservation of Jewish Heritage in Poland: Zamosc The Zamosc Ghetto (see also: Life in Zamosc Ghetto) Zamosc Ghetto Photos Zamosc Jews Zamosc eGroup Zamosc Yizkor Book Online (no English) Jewish Community of Zamosc Jewish Resistance and Extermination in Zamosc Pinkas Hakehillot Polin: Zamosc During the Holocaust Simon Wiesenthal Center - Zamosc Restored Zamosc Synagogue Old Zamosc Synagogue Zamosc Sephardic Synagogue Mount Zion Cemetery in Flushing, New York Lists of Zamosc: Surnames in Zamosc Society Cemetery Plots in NY and NJ People Buried from Zamosc in NY/NJ Plots First Zamosher Congregation in Flushing, New York Lists of New York Zamosc Residents Families of Zamość: Bergman family Brondwajn family Brumer family Czesny family Ejnes family Fuks family Glibter family Griner family Holzman family Kenigsberg family Kranz family Mahl family Markfeld family Matys family Mendelsohn family Mendelson family Peres family Rajman family Rozenberg family Sztych family Truk family Weinryb family Zoberman family Survivors of Zamość: Tauba Fuks Biterman Rose C. Sender Fleschler Isidore K. Yisrael "Harry" Kranc Maria Kusmierczuk (non-Jew) Henryk Lewandowski Irene Wechter Lieblich Gerald Maiman Boruch Silberklang George Storch Mieczyslaw Weinryb Lea Zegen Weiselman Rachel Z. Yechiel Zoberman Notable Residents of Zamosc: Notable Residents Berish Beckerman Hania Gerson, wife of Philipp Frank Rabbi Yitzhak Kranz, son of the Maggid of Dubno Yosef Retik Rabbis of Zamosc: Shlomo of Zamosc Avraham Chmerlosz Aryeh Leib Tzvi Hersh Katz, 1687 Meir HaLevi ben Menashe Nachman (grandson of Aryeh Leib) Aryeh Leib of Lublin, 1730 Yakov Yitzhak Hochgelernter, 1740 Rabbi Yaacov ben Zeev Krantz, 1786-1804 Yosef Hochgelernter Yitzhak Yakov Hochgelernter Shlomo Chelma Tzvi Hirsz Baszka Ba'al Shem Harishon Avraham bar David Mosze Yehoshua Heszel Wahl Nachman Szlomo HaLevi Aryeh Yehuda Yakov Majzeles Szlomo Zalman Josef Szlomo Szabtai HaLevi Horowitz, 1889-1928 Lejb Brondwajn Aryeh Erjon Moszko Chaim Blum Mordechai HaLevi Horowitz Sternfeld, 1928-WWII Righteous Gentiles of Zamosc: Bajak family John Damski Christine Damski (born Sara Rozen) Maria Kusmierczuk Photos of Zamosc: Zamosc Class Photos Genealogy: Polish Archives at Lublin Polish Archives at Zamosc We Remember Jewish Zamosc (Hebrew) Jewish Records Indexing Poland - Zamosc Jewish Vital Records in the Polish State Archives Remember Jewish Zamosc! Zamosc: Traces of the Past Visiting Zamosc Remember Your Family: The DNA Shoah Project: Connecting Descendants Central Judaica Database - Museum of History of Polish Jews Grandchildren of Holocaust Survivors on Facebook Guide to the YIVO Archives Holocaust News/Events from Generations of the Shoah Int'l Holocaust Survivors and Victims Database JewishGen Family Finder JewishGen Holocaust Database JRI-Poland: Search for Your Family Museum of History of Polish Jews Introduction Yad Vashem: Search for Your Family Yad Vashem: Submit Names of Your Family Members Yad Vashem Requests Photos of Shoah Survivors and Families ISRAEL: Issy Schek, info@zamosc-jews.com The Israeli Organization of Zamość Jewry & Their Descendants PO Box 16090, Tel-Aviv 61160, Israel Zamosc - Jews . com U.K.: Sheila Grossnass, sgrossnass@tiscali.co.uk U.S.: Aaron, genealogykid20@aol.com  |
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